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The Old Covenant Versus the New Covenant

Take your Bible and turn through it slowly. Do you notice anything? You should notice at first that it is made up of chapters and verses and that these chapters make up different books. You should also notice that all of these sixty-six books are grouped in two sections. These sections are commonly referred to as the Old Testament and the New Testament. However, what is the difference between them? Why are they divided into two different sections? Which one do we live by today? The Bible is divided into two different sections because there are two different covenants that man has lived under over time. The Old Testament is a record of the Old Covenant that God made with the people of Israel until “the fullness of the time was come” (Galatians 4:4). The New Testament is the New Covenant that God made with the world to bring man to salvation. Then, why have two covenants?  What are the differences, and how do we know which covenant man is under today? A covenant is “a compact or agreement between two parties.”1 In our particular discussion, it is an agreement between God and man. The Old Covenant is the Law of Moses under which Israel existed and lived. The New Covenant is that by which Christians live and fellowship with God. The New Covenant is an agreement between Christ and individuals this side of the cross throughout the Christian dispensation. The covenant relationship is part of God’s great scheme of redemption …